Title:	TECHNIQUE OF INFORMATION HIDING FOR 3-D PRINTED OBJECTS WITH TRANSMISSION IMAGES OF NEAR-INFRARED RAYS
Author(s):	Kazutake Uehira, Masahiro Suzuki, Youichi Takashima and Hideyuki Torii
ISBN:	978-989-8533-66-1
Editors:	Yingcai Xiao and Ajith P. Abraham
Year:	2017
Edition:	Single
Keywords:	Digital watermarking, information hiding, 3-D printer, 3-D printing, digital fabrication, additive manufacturing
Type:	Full Paper
First Page:	87
Last Page:	93
Language:	English
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Paper Abstract:	This paper presents a technique of embedding information inside 3-D printed objects and reading the embedded information by utilizing transmission images of near-infrared rays. Conventional techniques of digital watermarking cannot embed information in real objects such as 3-D printed objects because they can only be applied to digital content. In this technique, information is first embedded in digital data for 3-D printing. Then, the information embedded in the digital data is also embedded inside the 3-D printed objects when they are fabricated with the data. The main bodies of the objects are fabricated from materials whose transmittance of near-infrared rays is high. The inside of the objects is structured with fine domains that are fabricated from materials whose transmittance of near-infrared rays is low. The dispositions of the domains express the embedded information. Because the dispositions of the domains can be detected in transmission images of near-infrared rays, the embedded information can be read from the detected dispositions. In the experiment, a test sample was fabricated with a fused deposition-modeling 3-D printer. The main body was fabricated from blue resin that had high transmittance of near-infrared rays. The fine domains were fabricated from white resin that had low transmittance of near-infrared rays. Transmission images were taken using a near-infrared flashlight, which had a 1550-nm wavelength, and an InGaSa camera. The results obtained from the experiment indicate that the dispositions of fine domains inside the test sample can be detected by the naked eye. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed technique.
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